All About Al-Anon and Alateen

All About Al-Anon and Alateen More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Al-Anon and Alateen are two programs that are part of a worldwide fellowship which offers support to families of alcoholics. Al-Anon is designed to help spouses, parents, siblings, and other family members, while Alateen is geared specifically toward younger people living with an alcoholic. Both groups are based on a spiritual, non-religious ethos from which members derive insight from being part of a collective (as opposed to engaging in one-on-one support). While many people turn to Al-Anon and Alateen for help with a loved ones drinking problems, neither are intervention programs. Rather, they recognize that people living with an alcoholic can be traumatized and focus their efforts on caring for those individuals needs. As with Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Al-Anon and Alateen are closely based on a 12-step model (known, aptly, as the Twelve Steps) which is designed as a tool for spiritual growth. History of Al-Anon and Alateen As early as 1939, families began to attend AA meetings along with their alcoholic family members. By actively engaging in the Twelve Steps, many of these people began to see the benefits of incorporating the principles into their own lives and family dynamics. Over time, some of these family groups formed their own independent meetings. In 1948, several of these groups applied to the AA General Service Office to be listed in the member directory. After being denied inclusion, Lois W. (wife of AA co-founder Bill W.) and Anne B., a close family friend, decided to create a committee to help coordinate and service these independent groups. In 1951, Al-Anon was officially established with 56 member groups across the continental United States. They chose the name from the first syllables of Alcoholics Anonymous and, in keeping with the founding principles, adopted the Twelve Steps (and later the Twelve Traditions) in a slightly modified form. The first Alateen meetings, meanwhile, were established in 1957 specifically for members between the ages of 12 and 19. While functioning on their own, these groups are facilitated by an adult Al-Anon member, called a sponsor. Al-Anon and Alateen Twelve Steps The Al-Anon and Alateen Twelve Steps are closely aligned to those of AA. The basic principle of the model is that people can help heal each other but only if they surrender to a higher power. While the Twelve Steps can be a force for good in families who are suffering, there are those who struggle with the spiritual, quasi-religious, male-centric premise of the program. For individual who dont feel comfortable with the spiritual elements of the Al-Anon and Alateen Twelve Steps programs, there are alternatives to the 12-step methodology which do not rely on the concept of a higher power. For those who embrace the Al-Anon and Alateen approach, the 12 steps are broken down as follows: Admitting that you are powerless over alcohol and that your life has become unmanageableBelieving that a power greater than yourself can restore you to sanityMaking the decision to turn your will and life over to the care of God in whatever form that may beTaking a fearless moral inventory of yourselfAdmitting to God, yourself, and others of the exact nature of your wrongdoingsBeing ready to have God remove these defects from your characterActively asking God to remove these defectsMaking a list of all those you have harmed and being willing to make amendsMaking amends wherever possible (except when doing so would cause harm)Continuing to take a moral inventory of yourself and admitting when you are wrongSeeking to improve your connection with God and to pray for knowledge and the power to carry out Gods willCarrying these message to others and practicing these principles in your daily life

William Shakespeare s Richard IIi - 1216 Words

Women play a compelling part in the play Richard III. On one hand, they can be viewed of as vulnerable and weak as they base their lives on the power and deeds of the men. However, their curses appear to have a prophetic ability. In a way women are the possessions of the men who be wed with them, nevertheless the women advance themselves with absolute emotive potency. The women produce much of the spiritual strength behind the political activities of the play. Paying attention to the men solely we can see that the play would for the most part be about shrewd political strategizing and power and it is only when the women come in, do we really see the emotional actuality and the consequences of this politically unpredictable situation. Despite the fact the women in the play are powerless as they watch Richard s rule of terror, their prophetic curses indicate that they do maintain some power in the play. Queen Elizabeth was the wife of King Edward IV and the mother of the two young Princes and young Elizabeth. Prior to her marriage to King Edward, she was engaged to a man named Sir John Gray, which is why throughout the play, Richard enjoys insulting her by making reference to her as Lady Gray instead of Queen Elizabeth, which in return shows us as the audience that Richard is demoting her by not calling her Queen, and although it was frowned upon for a widower or a divorcee to take the throne or remarry, this is a fine example of the Misogyny portrayed right throughoutShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Richard IIi1414 Words   |  6 Pagespleasures of these days† (Shakespeare I.i.26-31). William Shakespeare’s Richard III depicts Richard, Duke of Gloucester’s, rise to power through means of manipulation, dishonesty, and violence. His actions lead to the eventual deaths of himself and those he seized power from. Based on historian Thomas More’s accou nt of Richard III, it is apparent that Shakespeare was greatly influenced by More’s writings. Thomas More places a great deal of emphasis on King Richard III being â€Å"[...] hard-favoredRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Richard IIi906 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare employs a variety of techniques in his plays to show good characters from bad characters; one such technique as the application of deformity or an abnormality manifests itself physically and psychologically with the dramas. The incorporation of a defect, whether it be physically or psychology, reveals flawed characteristics within the said character. Most of these flawed characteristics, though revealed in different situations, share similar problems and consequences. For exampleRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Richard IIi855 Words   |  4 Pagesof all, now fearing one / For she commanding all, obey’d by none† (4.4. 783). Queen Margret, in William Shakespeare’s, Richard I II, appears as a shadow of her former glory as England’s deposed Lancastrian ruler among current Yorkist rule. Widowed, deposed, and banished, she is a women deprived of power. Nevertheless, Margret plays a larger role than her shortcomings advertise. In Richard III, Shakespeare reinstates the Lancastrian monarch’s power by giving her a strong character and an adept controlRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Richard IIi1979 Words   |  8 Pageshis men. To go into more detail, Richmond addresses his â€Å"countrymen† (Shakespeare, 5.4.216) to provide a means of hope and strength for the upcoming battle against Richard III. There are two main themes or ideas that should be noted about this passage. The first, that Richmond uses his speech to create a divine shroud that serves to illuminate the concept of divine work that is (in his case, but not so much in the case of Richard II) at play. This concept of the divine right of kings had been an understoodRead MoreWillia m Shakespeare s King Richard IIi1258 Words   |  6 PagesRichard: What have you done to me! Shakespeare: My historical tragedy â€Å"King Richard III† is just my dramatic presentation of your exploits in your bloody pursuit of the throne. Pacino: My postmodernist docudrama â€Å"Looking for Richard† is my modern interpretation of Richard III. My attempt to establish connections that enhance our understandings and interpretations of our respective contexts, ideas and values, primarily involving the representation of the human condition through the character of RichardRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s King Richard IIi1188 Words   |  5 Pagesresonate over time and are affirmed between texts as shown in William Shakespeare’s play ‘King Richard III’ (1591) and Al Pacino’s docudrama ‘Looking For Richard’ (1996). King Richard III examines the irrational behaviours and moral ramifications of a power lust Richard to explore ideas of the relentless pursuit of power, betrayal and deceit, reflective of the theocentric context of the Elizabethan society. Centuries later, Looking For Richard explores Pacino’s journey to reshape a Shakespearean textRead MoreThe Titular Character Of William Shakespeare s Richard IIi1537 Words   |  7 PagesThe titular character in Shakespeare’s Richard III is a man whose body has been weakened and warped by nature, and so must rely on his wit and cleverness to survive. Throughout the play, Richard uses wordplay and persuasive language to convince others to support him or at least cease working against him. Overall, Richard believes that his ability to use language makes him superior to others in the courts of London, as is evident in the following selection: â€Å"Was ever woman in this humour wooed?/WasRead MoreCompare the ways Shakespeare presents fear and doubt in Macbeth and Richard III?1222 Words   |  5 Pagespresented in Richard III and Macbeth Macbeth is a tragedy play written by William Shakespeare. The play is set in Scotland during the mid  11th century. But, the play was written in 1606 at a time where James I was on the throne. King James was a very superstitious man who believed in magic and witchcraft and these themes were presented in Macbeth to please the King. Also the political context is important as it was included in Macbeth with the ideas of excessive ambition. On the other hand, Richard III isRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Influence On The Course Of World History1440 Words   |  6 PagesWaldo Emerson, a famous essayist inspired by Shakespeare’s works. William Shakespeare was a renowned author, poet, actor, and playwright. He has contributed to many components of life today such as; founding modern English language, contributing to literature, contributing to modern theater, and contributing many of his works to modern English. William Shakespeare has greatly impacted the course of world history. William Shakespeare was believed to be born on April 23,1564, in his hometown of Stratford-upon-AvonRead MoreHistory Of King Richard IIi Of England1382 Words   |  6 Pagesa conclusion that is borne out by the facts. The case of the written history of King Richard III of England is an outstanding example of the lack of adequate research and actual perfidy on the part of historians. Richard III reigned for a brief period in the late 15th century, 26 June 1483 to 22 August 1485. He was the last Yorkist king and the last of the Plantagenet kings. He traced his ancestry to William the Conquerer. He was also the last English king to die in battle. He was succeeded

Comparision of HighScope and Montesori Childhood Education...

HighScope was founded in America by David Weikart and colleagues in 1960s. It was originally developed for low income families and children. Weikart and his colleagues proposed an intervention for three and 4 year olds to prepare them for school. The HighScope approach to Early Childhood Education recognizes the benefits of active participatory learning. Therefore its programme is structured around the concept of learning through play. HighScope programme has eight curriculum areas of which one is Mathematics. HighScope Mathematics include concepts such umber words and symbols, counting, shapes, measuring, and pattern. In classroom there are enough materials for everyone which allows experimenting. Children acquire mathematics skills and concepts through adult – guided experiences that respect children’s concrete thinking and need to learn through exploration. One such adult-guided experience would be, for example, when children spontaneously use numbers in their play adult makes comments using words and phrases like ‘more’, ‘less’, ‘a lot’, the same as’. Throughout the day children are exposed to various concepts in the area of mathematics and these examples are: At Small Group Time children may notice or an adult points out that there is one or more children missing and the conversation might continue about how many chairs and activity sets (i.e. jigsaws) might be required for the number of children at the table. At Planning Time when children sign the planning sheet and

Mansfield Reformatory Free Essays

Mansfield Reformatory The Mansfield Reformatory was built in the year 1886 and was originally built with intentions of humanely rehabilitating first-time offenders. The reformatory was initially applauded for creating a positive step forward for prison reform. It was later in 1978 that the reformatory’s legacy was one of abuse, torture, and murder. We will write a custom essay sample on Mansfield Reformatory or any similar topic only for you Order Now It had been denounced for â€Å"brutalizing and inhuman conditions†. Violence among inmates was an everyday way of life. Tales have been told of inmates being sliced by shanks, beaten by soap bars and even thrown from six-story high walk ways. These tragic deaths were all trigged from petty grievances. It has been told that on one occasion after a riot; approximately one hundred and twenty inmates had been confined for several days in â€Å"the hole† with only twenty rooms to hold these prisoners. One room consisted of a toilet and a bunk and was not spacious by any means. During this time at least one inmate had been murdered and hidden in the corner of the room under bedding material for the several days to follow. The â€Å"sweat box† was a special type of torture used on African American inmates and Caucasian prisons escaped this punishment. Along with the murders of countless prisoners, a prison farmer and his family, the warder and his wife also had died at the Mansfield Reformatory. After ninety-four years of operation, 154,000 inmates had passed through its gates as a working prison. Eventually in the year 1990 the Mansfield Reformatory was shut down. Mansfield Reformatory Preservation Society (MRPS) took over ownership and unsealed the prison to the public. Tours, over-night ghost hunts and ghost walks are now help on a regular basis at the reformatory. Since opened to the public as an attraction it has been considered among ghost hunters as the most active haunted place in the United States. Paranormal investigators have captured numerous EVPs, standing for electronic voice phenomena which generated noises that resemble speech, have reports of unexplained cold spots and equipment malfunctions. The reformatory has earned itself much attention and has been the set for four movies including Harry and Walter Go to New York, Tango and Crash, Air Force One, and The Shawshank Redemption. Not to mention Godsmack made this he scene for their â€Å"Awake† music video and Marilynn Manson has done photography inside this spooky building. The history inside the walls of the Mansfield Reformatory makes it an interesting place to tour first hand. Tours are held on Saturdays and Sundays, there are four guided tours to choose from. The West Tower Tour includes a tour from the guard tower. From a higher perspective you can see the view of the cemetery where prisoners have been buried and assigned number is marked on their headstone. This tour takes you through the Big Dig, which is the underground tunnel system. This torn consists of excessive stair climbing. The East Cell Block Tours travels through the length of the east cell block, the world’s largest freestanding steel cell block. A visit to the Catholic Chapel and insight on the living quarters is also part of this tour. The Hollywood Tour shows the office of the warden in the Shawshank Redemption, the Parole Board Room and Andy Dufresne’s escape tunnel. Hazard a trip into the sinister â€Å"hole. † View the 1886 West Cell Block used as a Russian prison in Air Force One. This tour also involves extensive stair-climbing. The Behind the Senses Tours ventures behind the scenes allowing access to areas not open to the general public. There is also a view of the West Attic and where guides share stories of inmate punishment. Guides will also take the tour through â€Å"The Yard† where Andy and Red would sit and talk also from the Shawshank Redemption. Admission for all tours is five dollars per person plus an additional fee of nine dollars per adult or seven dollars per child, senior, college students and military veterans. These tours are full of history and interesting facts. You can still see props left behind after filming had finished. I encourage everyone to take a tour and see for you what an amazing experience it is. How to cite Mansfield Reformatory, Papers

The Lottery Persuasive Essay Example For Students

The Lottery Persuasive Essay The Lottery, a short story written by Shirley Jackson, is a tale of disturbing evilness. The setting is a small village consisting of about 300 residents. On June 27th of every year the members of the community hold a village-wide lottery in which everyone is expected to participate. Throughout the story the reader gets an odd feeling regarding the residents. Although they are gathering for a lottery drawing there is an air of nervousness about the event. From start to finish there is an overwhelming sense that something terrible is about to happen due to the authors in depth use of foreshadowing. The first hint that something strange is happeningis brought to our attention in the second paragraph. After Jackson describes the summer morning, she alludes tothe children gathering in the Village Square, but they areacting quite strange. Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones, and the other boys soon followedhis exampleeventually made a great pile of stones in onecor ner of the square and guarded it against the raids of the other boys (Text, 782). The first question we mustask is why are the boys piling stones up in the village square? At the very least we know that the stones willplay an important role in the final outcome. Each following paragraph contains subtle clues asto what is going to unfold. After all of the children have gathered the men begin to fill the square, followed by all of the women. They stood together, away from thepile of stones in the corner (Text, 783). The fact thatthe stood away from the stones, again, informs the readerthat the stones play some sinister role. Nervousness amongst the people is evident due to the childrens reluctance to join their parents standing in the square. We will write a custom essay on The Lottery Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now At this point in the story the reader should have a feeling that the lottery being described isnt going to have a pleasant outcome for someone in the population. One particular line on page 784, in the lastparagraph, gives the reader direction in realizing the lottery payoff. The narrator describes Mrs. Hutchinsons entrance saying, She tapped Mrs. Delacroix on the arm as a farewell and began to make her way through the crowd. The word farewell is used as foreshadowing to the climax of the story. Normally when a person enters a crowd of people they are greeted, but not Mrs. Hutchinson for she is obviously leaving. Nearer the climax the hints of foreshadowing almost give away the secret. Old Man Warner says, Bad enough to seeyoung Joe Summers up there joking with everybody (Text, 786), thus indicating that the lottery was no jokingmatter. It is obviously going to make a major impact on somebodys life. The people knew that every year there wasgoing to be a lottery, and they maintained a sense of humor to accompany their disgruntlement. Engaging in the drawing was a necessity to them, and for reasons not discussed, they accepted it.Another reference to the seriousness of the occasion is described when Mr. Summers (the lotteryofficial) says, Well nowguess we better get started, get this over with, so we can get back to work. Anybody aint here? (Text, 785). Once again it doesnt sound like the people involved are too anxious to find outwho will be the lucky winner. When Mr. Summers begins calling names, the residents nervously present themselves,unaware of their destiny, to pull slips of paper out o f the little black lottery box. Nobody is to look at their slip of paper until all of the members of the village haddrawn. This action adds suspense to the story. .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 , .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .postImageUrl , .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 , .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627:hover , .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627:visited , .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627:active { border:0!important; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627:active , .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627 .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u04860b18108697bab0c75ff7d3743627:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Social Work in Canada EssayThe reader will not know what is about to happen until the very end of the story unless they have picked up onJacksons strong use of foreshadowing. The story finally begins to unfold as everyone examines the individual slips. For a minute, no one moved, and then all the slips of paper were opened. Suddenly, all the women began to speakat once, saying, Who is it?Bill Hutchinsons got it' (Text, 787). Doomsday is upon the Hutchinsons, and the Missus is screaming The Lottery Persuasive Essay Example For Students The Lottery Persuasive Essay In the days of Jesus through the mid 1900s, people had many different superstitions, or beliefs, about life. People believed if they were to do certain things, they would have good luck. Like Indians used to do a dance, called the Indian rain dance, when they wanted it to rain so it would help their crops or even their heritage. It was a dance people still believe in today, but those people dont know that the reason they said it worked was because the Indians didnt quit dancing until it rained. There are many superstitions in todays time as well. I know that in the game of baseball many different players have different superstitions. Just like David Wells, when he used to pitch for the New York Yankees, believed if he listened to Metallica before every game he pitched he would have a good game. But regardless if David Wells listened to Metallica or not, he would still pitch the same if he didnt listen to them. All I am saying is that Shirley Jackson, when she wrote The Lottery, in 19 48, was trying to show everyone about the different superstitions, or beliefs, each culture, town, or village had and how bad they were. Even the kids in the village got ready for the lottery, it didnt faze them, and all they knew was that it was just an event that happened every year. After all, villages, tribes, or cultures have many different traditions they all tend to put their full trust in. We will write a custom essay on The Lottery Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The lottery is a drawing that takes place on June 27th of every year, right before the crop season. Everyone who lives in the village, even the children, draws a piece of paper from the black box and doesnt look at it until everyone draws theirs. When everyone finishes drawing, you turn your piece of paper over and the one with the mark on in, which is marked with coal, is the one who wins the lottery. But if you this lottery it isnt a good thing. The person who wins the lottery, the one with the marked sheet of paper, gets stoned to death. The villagers believe that if they have a lottery before cropping season they will have a good season. This is one of those beliefs, or superstitions, they have that makes everyone think that everything is going to become good. According to Old Man Warner, who has been attending the lottery for seventy-seven years, towns would be crazy to give up the lottery. When Mr. Adams told Old Man Warner that the north village was talking about giving up the lottery, Old Man Warner snorted, Pack of crazy fools. Listening to young folks, nothings good enough for them. Old Man Warner believes in the lottery and thinks that if other villages give it up things would be bad. He also said Theres always been a lottery. This statement makes me think that this is the only reason they have one. Sometimes superstitions go on for such long periods of time and we do them so often, they become traditions, a have to. When Old Man Warner says the word always, I began to wonder if he even believes in the lottery, or is he thinking it works because they always have one. But if you are trying to decide if the lottery is a belief or a tradition, look at the examples I have given.Try and think about the meanings of each and make your decision.

The Ethics And Values Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example

The Ethics And Values Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example The Ethics And Values Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay The Ethics And Values Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay The end of societal work professionals is for the wellbeing and empowering of those in society who are impoverished, populating in subjugation, and vulnerable. Social workers must besides concentrate on the forces in a individual s environment that are involved in doing and lending to jobs in life conditions. Those people who are assisted by societal workers are referred to as clients. They can be persons, groups, households, or communities. Therefore, societal workers must be attuned to cultural, racial, and cultural differences in people. This will assist set an terminal to favoritism, subjugation, poorness, and other types of societal wrongs. There are six nucleus values on which the societal work profession is based. These are service, societal justness, self-respect, and worth of the individual, importance of human relationships, unity, and competency. These nucleus values are the cardinal rules that a societal worker should utilize in covering with clients and helps steer them in handling the clients with self-respect and regard. The societal workers Code of Ethical motives are at the nucleus of the profession. These moralss are of great importance to all societal work pupils as good. They help in doing sound judgements and determinations when covering with all sections of the population regardless of the clients faith, race, or ethnicity. The six nucleus values of societal work have ethical rules which are the ideals to which each societal worker should endeavor to run into. Service happens when a societal worker uses his or her cognition, values, and accomplishments to assist those in demand. Social justness is when a societal worker efforts societal alteration on behalf of those who ca nt assist themselves. Dignity and worth of the individual is demoing regard to each client irrespective of their societal state of affairs. The importance of human relationships is seen by societal workers in their attempts to progress, regenerate, and better the wellbeing of households, societal groups, and communities. Integrity is acting at all times in a trusting mode. Competence is fundamentally a societal worker cognizing his or her occupation and taking stairss to bettering their professional expertness. Pertinent Ethical motives and Valuess Covering with Worth and Dignity There are several moralss and values that relate to human diverseness and the worth and self-respect of individuals. Employment of these moralss and values are of great importance to the societal worker and the client. They are as follows: 1.02 Self-government Social workers respect and promote the right of clients to self-government and assist clients in their attempts to place and clear up their ends. Social workers may restrict clients right to self-government when, in the societal workers professional judgement, clients actions or possible actions pose a serious, foreseeable, and at hand hazard to themselves or others. 1.03 Informed Consent ( B ) In cases when clients are non literate or have difficulty understanding the primary linguistic communication used in the pattern scene, societal workers should take stairss to guarantee clients comprehension. This may include supplying clients with a elaborate verbal account or set uping for a qualified translator or transcriber whenever possible. ( degree Celsius ) In cases when clients lack the capacity to supply informed consent, societal workers should protect clients involvements by seeking permission signifier an appropriate 3rd party, informing clients consistent with the clients degree of understanding. In such cases societal workers should seek to guarantee that the 3rd party Acts of the Apostless in a mode consistent with clients wants and involvements. Social workers should take sensible stairss to heighten such clients ability to give informed consent. 1.05 Cultural Competence and Social Diversity ( a ) Social workers should understand civilization and its map in human behaviour and society, acknowledging the strengths that exist in all civilizations. ( B ) Social workers should hold a cognition base of their clients civilizations and be able to show competency in the proviso of services that are sensitive to clients civilizations and to differences among people and cultural groups. ( degree Celsius ) Social workers should obtain instruction about and seek to understand the nature of societal diverseness and subjugation with regard to race, ethnicity, national beginning, colour, sex, sexual orientation, gender individuality or look, age, matrimonial position, political belief, faith, in-migration position, and mental or physical disablement. 1.07 Privacy and Confidentiality ( a ) Social workers should esteem clients right to privateness. Social workers should non beg private information signifier clients unless it is indispensable to supplying services or carry oning societal work rating or research. Once private information is shared, criterions of confidentiality apply. ( vitamin D ) Social workers should inform clients, to the extent possible, about the revelation of confidential information and the possible effects, when executable, before the revelation is made. This applies whether societal workers unwrap confidential information on the footing of a legal demand or client consent. ( degree Fahrenheit ) When societal workers provide reding services to households, twosomes, or groups, societal workers should seek understanding among the parties involved refering each person s right to confidentiality and duty to continue the confidentiality of information shared by others. Social workers should inform participants in household, twosomes, or group reding that societal workers can non vouch that all participants will honour such understandings. 1.11 Sexual Harassment Social workers should non sexually harass clients. Sexual torment includes sexual progresss, sexual solicitation, petitions for sexual favours, and other verbal or physical behavior of a sexual nature. 1.12 Derogatory Language Social workers should non utilize derogative linguistic communication in their written or verbal communications to or about clients. Social workers should utilize accurate and respectful linguistic communication in all communications to and about clients. 1.14 Clients Who Lack Decision-Making Capacity When societal workers act on behalf of clients who lack the capacity to do informed determinations, societal workers should take sensible stairss to safeguard the involvements and rights of those clients. 2.01 Respect ( a ) Social workers should handle co-workers with regard and should stand for accurately and reasonably the makings, positions, and duties of co-workers. ( B ) Social workers should avoid indefensible negative unfavorable judgment of co-workers in communications with clients or with other professionals. Unwarranted negative unfavorable judgment may include take downing remarks that refer to co-workers degree of competency or to persons properties such as race, ethnicity, national beginning, colour, sex, sexual orientation, gender individuality or look, age, matrimonial position, political belief, faith, in-migration position, and mental or physical disablement. ( degree Celsius ) Social workers should collaborate with societal work co-workers and with co-workers of other professions when such cooperation serves the wellbeing of clients 4.02 Discrimination Social workers should non pattern, condone, facilitate, or collaborate with any signifier of favoritism on the footing of race, ethnicity, national beginning, colour, sex, sexual orientation, gender identify or look, age, matrimonial position, political belief, faith, in-migration position, or mental or physical disablement. 4.03 Private Behavior Social workers should non allow their private behavior to interfere with their ability to carry through their professional duties. 4.04 Dishonesty, Fraud, and Deception Social workers should non take part in, condone, or be associated with dishonesty, fraud, or misrepresentation. My Positions of the Ethical motives and Valuess Covering with Worth and Dignity Self-government is a really of import value when covering with a client. This allows the client, with aid from the societal worker, to place their ends. The client will experience a sense of ownership in making said ends. Privacy and confidentiality besides play a immense function in continuing the worth and self-respect of person having aid. Everyone, irrespective of their position in society, has a right to privateness. Some clients may non cognize that they have these rights or may believe that their right to privateness has been forfeited since they are having aid. This, of class, is non true, and the societal worker should inform the client of this fact. The societal worker besides has to recognize that non all of the people having services are literate and must therefore explain to those clients the revelation of confidential information. This besides pertains to each person s rights to confidentiality when supplying reding to twosomes or groups. A societal worker should neer do progresss of a sexual nature to a client. This may take some clients to believe that the lone manner that they can have aid is to give into those progresss. It may besides do others to non seek aid at all. Derogatory linguistic communication, either verbal or written, can be corrupting to a client. A societal worker has to be cognizant of the civilization of the individual that they are turn toing. What may non be important to the societal worker may, on the other manus, be violative to the client. The decision-making procedure varies from client to client. The societal worker must do certain that when he or she is moving of behalf of a client that the client s involvements and rights are safe guarded. Respect in the Social Work Code of Ethics is under the ethical duties to co-workers, but it should besides be under the manner clients should be treated. When 1 shows regard to another individual, communicating is greatly enhanced, and communicating is what societal work revolves around. Discrimination is something that can non and should non be practiced, condoned, or facilitated by a societal worker. This means favoritism of any type to include ; race, ethnicity, sex, colour, matrimonial position, political relations, mental disablement, in-migration position, or sexual orientation. Discrimination has an inauspicious consequence on the client and the societal work profession. When a societal worker allows their private life to impact their work, no 1 wins. A societal worker must be professional plenty to divide the two. Another issue that deals with a societal worker s professionalism is his or her ability to non take portion in any manner with misrepresentation, dishonesty, or fraud. My Application of the Ethical motives When covering with ethnicity, I will larn about what is acceptable and unacceptable with each cultural group. I will guarantee that I differentiate between ethnicity and race. National beginning has to be dealt with in a similar manner as with ethnicity. Therefore, I will guarantee that I am cognizant of the imposts of the client s fatherland. Social category requires that a societal worker non organize preconceived impressions of the individual being served. I will maintain my head unfastened and guarantee, as with all instances, to listen to what is being said. Religion is a really huffy topic that has to be handled. I will do every attempt to understand the imposts and traditions of assorted spiritual groups in order non to pique. When covering with a client that has a physical or mental disablement, I will guarantee that their self-respect and worth is non compromised. I will utilize linguistic communication that they can easy understand, and I will non speak down to the person. Everyone has the right to populate their life they manner that they choose. I will neer judge a client based on their sexual orientation. This and the old topics can be handled by merely being a professional. I will endeavor to be a masterful professional at all times.

Definition of LD50 or Lethal Dose 50 Test

Definition of LD50 or Lethal Dose 50 Test Updated and edited on May 20, 2016 by Michelle A. Rivera, About.com Animal Rights Expert The LD50 test is one of the most controversial and inhumane experiments endured by laboratory animals. â€Å"LD† stands for â€Å"lethal dose†; the â€Å"50† means that half the animals, or 50 percent of the animals forced to endure testing the product, will die at that dose. LD50 value for a substance will vary according to the species involved. The substance may be administered any number of ways, including orally, topically, intravenously, or through inhalation. The most commonly used species for these tests are rats, mice, rabbits, and guinea pigs. Substances tested might include household products, drugs or pesticides. These particular animals are popular with animal testing facilities because they are not protected by the Animal Welfare Act which states, in part:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   AWA 2143 (A)   Ã¢â‚¬Å"†¦for animal care, treatment, and practices in experimental procedures to ensure that animal pain and distress are minimized, including adequate veterinary care with the appropriate use of anesthetic, analgesic, tranquilizing drugs, or euthanasia;†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The LD50 test is controversial because the results have limited, if any, significance when applied to humans. Determining the amount of a substance that will kill a mouse has little value to human beings. Also controversial is the number of animals frequently involved in an LD50 trial, which may be 100 or more animals. Organizations such as the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers’ Association, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Consumer Product Safety Commission, among others, have all spoken out publicly against the use of too many animals in order to reach that 50 percent number. Approximately 60-200 animals are used even though the above organizations have indicated that these same tests could be successfully concluded by using only six to ten animals. The tests involved testing for â€Å",,,toxicity of gases and powders (the inhalation LD50), irritancy and internal poisoning due to skin exposure (the dermal LD50), and toxicity of substances injected directly into anim al tissue or body cavities (the injectable LD50),† according to the New England Anti-Vivisection Society, whose mission it is to end animal testing and supporting alternatives to testing on live animals. The animals used are almost never given anesthesia and suffer tremendous pain during these tests. Because of public outcry and advances in science, the LD50 test has been largely replaced by alternative test measures. In â€Å"Alternatives to Animal Testing, (Issues in Environmental Science and Technology)† a number of contributors* discuss alternatives that have been adopted by laboratories around the world including the Acute Toxic Class method, the Up and Down and Fixed Dose procedures.   According to the National Institute of Heath, the Consumer Product Safety Commission strongly discourages the use of the LD50 test, while the Environmental Protection Agency discourages its use, and, perhaps the most unnerving, the Food and Drug Administration does not require the LD50 test for cosmetic testing. Merchants have used the public outcry to their advantage. Some have added the words â€Å"cruelty free† or some other indication that the company does not use animal testing on their finished product. But beware of these claims because there is no legal definition for these labels. So the manufacturer may not test on animals, but it’s entirely possible that the manufacturers of the ingredients which comprise the product are tested on animals. International trade has also added to the confusion. While many companies have learned to avoid testing on animals as a public relations measure, the more the United States opens trades with other countries, the higher the chance that animal testing will again be part of the manufacture of a product previously deemed cruelty free. For example, Avon, one of the first companies to speak out against animal testing, has begun selling their products to China. China requires some animal testing be done on certain products before being offered to the public. Avon chooses, of course, to sell to China rather than stand on ceremony and stick to their cruelty-free guns. And while these tests may or may not involve LD-50, the fact is that all the laws and regulations that have been so hard fought and won by animal-rights activists over the years wont mean a thing in a world where global trade is the norm.   If you want to live a cruelty-free life and enjoy following a vegan lifestyle, you have to be part detective and research the products you use every day. *R E Hester  (Editor),  R M Harrison  (Editor),  Paul Illing  (Contributor),  Michael Balls  (Contributor),  Robert Combes  (Contributor),  Derek Knight  (Contributor),  Carl Westmoreland  (Contributor) Edited by Michelle A. Rivera, Animal Rights Expert